Welcome to the latest edition of India Judiciary Watch! Over 12–17 January 2026, courts across India dealt with disputes that cut across electoral integrity, Centre–state friction in criminal investigations, social justice, environmental governance, and digital‑era frauds. The Supreme Court’s scrutiny of Special Intensive Revision exercises in West Bengal and Kerala, its intervention in ED’s obstruction allegations against the West Bengal Chief Minister, and its split verdict on Section 17A of the Prevention of Corruption Act together signal a phase of heightened judicial engagement with both institutional accountability and due process. Parallel developments in High Courts on scams, infrastructure projects, Sabarimala‑linked irregularities, and digital privacy further underscore how litigation is increasingly shaping both political narratives and administrative choices at state level.
I. Key Legal Developments:
ED v. Mamata Banerjee: Supreme Court Intervenes Over Alleged Obstruction of Central Probe
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Development: On January 15, 2026, the Supreme Court addressed concerns about the rule of law and interference in central investigations by issuing notice on a petition filed by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) against West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee and state police officers. The petition alleges obstruction of an ED search related to the coal scam money laundering probe. The Court stayed proceedings in three FIRs registered against ED officers by the West Bengal Police, ordered the preservation of evidence (CCTV footage and electronic evidence), and sought counter-affidavits. The Court also expressed concern over the commotion in the Calcutta High Court on January 9, stating that courtrooms should not be sites of protest. The next hearing is scheduled for February 3, 2026.
Supreme Court Seeks ECI Response On TMC MPs' Plea Against SIR Process In West Bengal
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Development: The Supreme Court is hearing pleas filed by TMC MPs Derek O’Brien and Dola Sen challenging the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of West Bengal's electoral rolls. The MPs are concerned about the use of informal channels like WhatsApp for instructions and the introduction of a "logical discrepancy" voter category. A Bench led by CJI Surya Kant has sought a response from the Election Commission of India (ECI) within a week. The Court also specifically asked the ECI to clarify if any voter deletions during the SIR were based on suspected citizenship, emphasizing that the ECI lacks the constitutional power to determine citizenship status.
Can Right To Vote Be Taken Away Till Centre Decides Citizenship Of Doubtful Voters? Supreme Court Asks ECI In SIR Hearing
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Development: The Supreme Court, hearing challenges to the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls, questioned the Election Commission of India (ECI) on the legal basis for suspending a person's right to vote while the Central Government decides on their citizenship. The ECI argued that Electoral Registration Officers have the authority to conduct an inquiry and remove names from the rolls for electoral purposes even with pending citizenship determination. A Bench led by CJI Surya Kant requested the ECI to provide a clear legal justification for this interim suspension of voting rights.
Chinese Visa Scam: Karti Chidambaram Moves Delhi High Court Against Framing Of Charges In CBI Case
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Development: Congress MP Karti Chidambaram has challenged a Delhi trial court's December 23, 2025 order in the Chinese visa scam case. The order framed charges, including criminal conspiracy and corruption, against him and others. The case, dating back to 2011, alleges bribery to facilitate visas for Chinese nationals working on a Punjab power project. Chidambaram argues the trial court ignored exculpatory evidence and that there is no proof of bribe demand or acceptance. The matter was adjourned until January 19th.
Supreme Court Asks Telangana Speaker To Decide Remaining Disqualification Petitions In Two Weeks
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Development: The Supreme Court has issued a final two-week deadline to the Telangana Legislative Assembly Speaker to decide on the three remaining disqualification petitions concerning the alleged defection of 10 BRS MLAs to the Congress. A bench of Justice Sanjay Karol and Justice A.G. Masih warned against further extensions, citing non-compliance. This follows the Speaker's earlier dismissal on January 15th of petitions against two MLAs, Kale Yadaiah and Pocharam Srinivas Reddy, due to insufficient evidence of a change in political affiliation.
Supreme Court Directs ECI to Publish Deleted Voter Names and Consider Extending Objection Deadline in Kerala SIR
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Development: The Supreme Court of India has directed the Election Commission of India (ECI) to improve the accessibility of the exclusion lists from Kerala's draft electoral rolls, following the deletion of nearly 24 lakh names during the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) process. A Bench led by Chief Justice Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi issued the order, emphasizing that citizens' right to file objections was being hindered by the inaccessibility of the lists. The ECI is now mandated to publish and display the names of excluded persons at gram panchayats, public offices, and on official websites, and to consider extending the objection filing deadline.
Will Hold Authorities & Dog Feeders Liable For Every Stray Dog Attack, Says Supreme Court
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Development: The Supreme Court is deliberating holding civic authorities and dog feeders responsible for injuries or deaths caused by stray dog attacks, asserting that public safety is the main concern. The Court suggested that those who feed stray dogs should be responsible for housing them rather than allowing them to roam freely. These remarks were made while monitoring compliance with existing orders for the removal, vaccination, and sterilisation of stray dogs from public institutions under the ABC Rules, without returning them to their original spots.
Delhi High Court Slams NGO For Repeated PILs Alleging Illegal Encroachments By Mosques And Dargahs
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Development: On January 14, 2026, the Delhi High Court, through a Division Bench of Chief Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya and Justice Tejas Karia, sharply criticized the NGO Save India Foundation for misusing the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) jurisdiction. The Court rebuked the NGO for repeatedly filing nearly identical petitions focused solely on alleged illegal encroachments by mosques and dargahs, while neglecting broader societal issues. The case is scheduled for a further hearing on January 21, 2026.
Sonam Wangchuk's Detention: Detaining Authority Didn't Apply Mind, Copy-Pasted SSP's Recommendation, Sibal Tells Supreme Court
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Development: The Supreme Court continued its hearing on a habeas corpus petition challenging the detention of Sonam Wangchuk under the National Security Act (NSA). Wangchuk was detained in September 2024 after leading a march to Delhi demanding Sixth Schedule protections and statehood for Ladakh. The petition alleges procedural lapses, failure to provide relied-upon materials, use of stale FIRs, and violation of constitutional safeguards under Article 22. Senior Advocate Kapil Sibal argued that the detention order showed a "non-application of mind" and that Section 5A of the NSA cannot override constitutional safeguards. The next hearing is scheduled for January 29, 2026.
'Will Examine': SC To Hear Plea Against Legal Immunity To CECs, ECs; Issues Notice To Centre
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Development: The Supreme Court has issued notice to the Centre and the Election Commission of India (ECI) regarding a petition filed by the NGO Lok Prahari. This plea challenges the legality of provisions that grant the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners lifetime immunity from legal action. The Court has signaled its intention to examine the constitutional validity of this immunity, thereby initiating a judicial review of the accountability measures for top election officials.
NEET-PG : Plea In Supreme Court Challenges Lowering Of NEET-PG 2025-26 Qualifying Cut-Off Percentile
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Development: The National Board of Examinations' decision to significantly lower the NEET-PG 2025–26 qualifying cut-off percentiles, including to zero and negative marks, has been challenged in the Supreme Court. A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) has been filed, asserting that this action is arbitrary and unconstitutional. The petitioners claim that the move violates Articles 14 and 21 of the Constitution and contradicts the provisions of the National Medical Commission Act, 2019.
Supreme Court Continues Hearing On Religion-Based Restriction In Scheduled Caste Reservations
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Development: The Supreme Court is hearing a long-pending Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed by the Centre for Public Interest Litigation (CPIL) that challenges Paragraph 3 of the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950. The challenge concerns the exclusion of Dalits who have converted to Christianity or Islam from Scheduled Caste (SC) reservation benefits, as the Order limits SC status to those practicing Hinduism, Sikhism, or Buddhism. The constitutional validity of this exclusion is being questioned under Articles 14, 15, 16, and 25. Admitted in 2019, the case was last listed on January 15, 2026, before a Bench including the Chief Justice of India, and is scheduled to be heard next on January 23, 2026.
Unnao Rape Victim Moves Delhi High Court For Leading Further Evidence Against Kuldeep Singh Sengar
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Development: The Unnao rape survivor has approached the Delhi High Court seeking permission to introduce additional evidence in the appeal filed by former Uttar Pradesh MLA, Kuldeep Singh Sengar, challenging his conviction and life sentence. A Division Bench comprising Justice Prathiba M. Singh and Justice Madhu Jain scheduled the matter for 25th February, 2026. The bench instructed the survivor to submit supporting documents, specifically school records pertaining to her date of birth, by 31st January. Additionally, the Court demanded responses from both Sengar and the CBI within two weeks.
'Deep-Rooted, Systemic Failure': Kerala High Court Directs Probe Into Alleged ₹35 Lakh Embezzlement Of Ghee Sales At Sabarimala
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Development: The Kerala High Court has mandated a vigilance probe into the alleged embezzlement of approximately ₹ 35 lakh from the ghee sales at Sabarimala over a period of less than two months. This directive, issued on a suo motu petition stemming from a Special Commissioner's report, instructs the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau (VACB) to form a team and register a case. The court observed that the serious discrepancies found in the stock and remittance records of Adiya Sishtam Ghee point to a systemic failure, rather than simple negligence.
IRCTC Scam: Delhi High Court Issues Notice On Rabri Devi's Plea Against Framing Of Charges
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Development: The Delhi High Court has requested a response from the CBI regarding Rabri Devi's petition challenging the framing of charges against her in the alleged IRCTC scam. Her argument is that the trial court's decision, particularly concerning the alleged undervaluation of land parcels and share transactions, was based on presumptions with insufficient evidence to establish offenses under Section 420 IPC (cheating) and criminal conspiracy. The matter is set for hearing on 19th January, along with similar petitions from Lalu Prasad Yadav and Tejashwi Yadav.
Kerala Court Denies Bail To MLA Rahul Mamkootathil In Third Rape Case
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Development: On Saturday, January 17th, 2026, the Thiruvalla Judicial First Class Magistrate Court dismissed the bail application of Congress MLA Rahul Mamkootathil in connection with the third sexual assault case filed against him. Mamkootathil was arrested on January 11th for allegedly sexually assaulting a woman in 2024. He denies the allegations, claiming the relationship was consensual and that he ended it after discovering the woman was married. Following a three-day police custody that ended on January 15th, his bail plea was rejected. Despite facing three sexual assault cases, Mamkootathil remains the Palakkad MLA, though he has been expelled from the Congress party and resigned as Youth Congress Chief.
Defamatory Post Against Minister Priyank Kharge: HC Stays FIR Against BJP and Shakuntala Nataraj
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Development: The Kalaburagi Bench of the Karnataka High Court has granted a temporary stay on the FIR and judicial proceedings against BJP worker Shakuntala Nataraj and the party's official social media accounts. The case stems from a complaint filed by a Congress worker regarding an allegedly defamatory retweet about the poor condition of a stadium in Yadgiri. Justice K. Rajesh Rai issued the interim stay, accepting the petitioner's argument that the complaint was politically motivated. The court has adjourned the matter until January 28th after issuing notice to the State prosecution.
Supreme Court To Examine Citizenship Claim Of Woman Deported To Bangladesh
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Development: The Supreme Court, through a Bench of CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi, agreed to examine the citizenship claim of Musstt Aheda Khatun, who was deported to Bangladesh after being declared a "foreigner of post-1971 stream." The court issued notice on her plea, but limited its focus to assessing the authenticity of documents submitted by her brother to prove her Indian citizenship. Her petition specifically challenges an August 2025 Gauhati High Court order that dismissed her case due to delay without addressing the merits of her citizenship claim, despite her reliance on documents like voter lists and land records.
Supreme Court Issues Directions To Effectively Implement 25% RTE Quota In Pvt Schools, Directs States To Frame Rules
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Development: The Supreme Court has mandated that all States and Union Territories must establish enforceable rules to effectively implement the 25% EWS quota under the RTE Act. Emphasizing the crucial, transformative function of neighbourhood schools, the Court directed the use of transparent online admission portals and the creation of clear grievance redressal mechanisms. Furthermore, it required coordination with the NCPCR, which is tasked with submitting a compliance affidavit by 31st March 2026.
AYUSH Doctors As Registered Practitioners? Supreme Court Seeks Centre’s Response On PIL
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Development: The Supreme Court has sought responses from the Union Ministries of Law, Health, and AYUSH concerning a PIL. The petition challenges the outdated nature of the Drugs and Magic Remedies Act, 1954, arguing that it unjustly excludes AYUSH doctors from being recognized as 'Registered Medical Practitioners' and imposes an excessive ban on medical advertisements. The PIL ultimately requests the formation of an expert committee to update the Act.
Bombay High Court Denies Interim Relief To Former Minister Eknath Khadse In 2016 Land Deal Case, To Hear Arguments On 21st January
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Development: The Bombay High Court denied Eknath Khadse's request for ad-interim relief in the 2016 Bhosari land deal case, refusing to halt proceedings before the Special Court where charges are pending against him, his wife, and son-in-law. The Court cited an unexplained delay in filing the petition and has scheduled a further hearing for January 21, 2026, after issuing notice to the Enforcement Directorate regarding the parallel PMLA case.
Can TADA Convict Seek Remission? Supreme Court To Consider In Abu Salem's Plea For Premature Release
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Development: The Supreme Court is examining whether TADA convict Abu Salem is eligible for premature release and remission under the India-Portugal Extradition Treaty. A Bench of Justices Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta requested Salem to provide the Maharashtra Prison Rules to clarify if "jail earned remission" is allowed for TADA convicts, how the 25-year incarceration cap is calculated, and whether any remission is available for TADA cases at all. The Court also asked for the actual period of Salem's incarceration since his 2005 arrest. Salem was convicted in the 1993 Bombay blasts and the 1996 Gulshan Kumar murder case.
Supreme Court To Hear Plea Seeking Exclusion Of Creamy Layer From SC/ST Reservations
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Development: The Supreme Court has issued notice to the Union Government regarding a petition that seeks to exclude the "creamy layer" from SC/ST reservations. This plea has been linked to a similar pending Public Interest Litigation (Ramashankar Prajapati v. Union of India) concerning prioritization among reserved categories. The petitioner cites the precedent set by the Constitution Bench in State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh, which affirmed the permissibility of sub-classification within Scheduled Castes and suggested that the creamy layer should not continue to monopolize reservation benefits.
Sabarimala Gold Theft: Kerala High Court Suggests State To Enact Law With Penal Provisions To Protect Temple Properties
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Development: The Kerala High Court, while considering bail applications in the Sabarimala gold misappropriation case, recommended that the State implement legislation containing penal provisions to safeguard temple properties. The Court highlighted that breaching the Devaswom Manual or internal office orders does not, in itself, constitute a criminal offence, and voiced alarm over recurring misappropriation incidents. Furthermore, it critiqued the Travancore Devaswom Board for its supervisory failures. The Court has reserved its orders on the bail pleas.
Misuse Of Court Live-Stream: Madhya Pradesh High Court Directs YouTube, Instagram To Block Offending URLs
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Development: The Madhya Pradesh High Court has ordered YouTube and Instagram to block certain objectionable URLs within 48 hours. This directive came during the hearing of a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) concerning the misuse of live-streamed court proceedings. The Court observed that the selective clipping, creation of reels, and memes from the proceedings distort the judicial process and diminish the dignity of the courts. The Court referenced the safeguards outlined in the MP Live Streaming and Recording Rules, 2021. The matter is scheduled for a follow-up hearing on March 24, 2026.
Banks Move Bombay High Court Challenging Stay Of 'Fraud' Classification Proceedings Against Anil Ambani
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Development: A Division Bench of the Bombay High Court is hearing a challenge, brought by Bank of Baroda, Indian Overseas Bank, IDBI Bank, and auditor BDO India LLP, against a single-judge order that stayed all fraud-classification proceedings against Anil Ambani. The proceedings relate to a forensic audit on loans to Reliance Communications. The interim relief was granted because the 2020 forensic audit report, which was the basis for the classification, had alleged prima facie defects, specifically the signatory not being registered with the ICAI as required by the RBI's 2024 Master Directions. The challenging banks argue the stay was incorrectly granted, maintaining that the core issue is the proper interpretation of the RBI fraud framework and that the audit's merits were never previously challenged.
Delhi High Court Takes Suo Motu Cognisance Of Inadequate Night Shelter Facilities Amid Cold Wave
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Development: The Delhi High Court initiated suo motu action regarding inadequate night shelter facilities, particularly for patients and their families sleeping outside hospitals during the cold wave. The Court held the Delhi Government and its agencies responsible, rejecting resource-based excuses. Immediate, short-term directions were issued, mandating the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) to take control of hospital subways and arrange beds, tents, and pandals. A high-level meeting was also ordered to coordinate implementation across multiple agencies. The Court is also seeking long-term policy suggestions to prevent future recurrence.
Telangana Withdraws Writ Petition Filed Against Andhra's Polavaram Project; Supreme Court Allows Filing Of Suit
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Development: The Supreme Court permitted Telangana to withdraw its writ petition that contested the expansion of the Polavaram Multipurpose Irrigation Project by Andhra Pradesh. The Court deemed the petition to be prima facie not maintainable under Article 32. By granting Telangana's withdrawal request, the Court allowed the state the liberty to file a civil suit under Article 131. This decision was influenced by the fact that other key stakeholder States, specifically Maharashtra and Karnataka, had not been impleaded even though they were parties to the underlying water dispute award.
EWS Income Ceiling Raised To ₹ 5 Lakh For Free Treatment In Govt, Identified Private Hospitals: Govt Tells Delhi High Court
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Development: The Delhi High Court has approved the Delhi Government's decision to raise the annual income limit for the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) from ₹2.25 lakh to ₹5 lakh. This increase will enable more citizens to receive free medical treatment in both government and private hospitals built on concessional land. The Court, in addressing a long-running PIL, also issued directives for improving hospital infrastructure, ensuring timely patient appointments, enhancing diagnostics and data access, and better implementation of central health schemes like PM-JAY and PM-ABHIM, in addition to mandating wide publicity for the new EWS income ceiling.
SC Urges Corporates To Treat Inclusion Of Disabled Persons In Workforce As A ‘Strategic Advantage’; Uphold Human Rights As Part Of CSR
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Development: The Supreme Court, exercising its powers under Article 142, has directed Coal India Limited to appoint a woman with multiple disabilities, ensuring appropriate workplace accommodations. The Court emphasized that corporations should see the inclusion of persons with disabilities not merely as a compliance requirement but as a “strategic advantage.” Furthermore, the judgment stressed that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) encompasses upholding human rights and dignity, extending beyond the goal of profit-making.
Uttar Pradesh Gangsters Act Case: Supreme Court Makes Interim Bail Absolute For MLA Abbas Ansari
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Development: The Supreme Court, led by CJI Surya Kant, made the interim bail granted to former Uttar Pradesh MLA Abbas Ansari absolute in a case under the Uttar Pradesh Gangsters and Anti-Social Activities (Prevention) Act, 1986. The decision was based on the prolonged period of his incarceration, the stage of the proceedings, and the fact that he had already been granted bail in the underlying predicate cases. The Court upheld the condition that Ansari must inform the police before leaving Uttar Pradesh.
Jharkhand High Court Orders Paramilitary Force At ED Ranchi Office Following Police Raid, Stays FIR Against Officials
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Development: The Jharkhand High Court intervened in a serious dispute between the State Police and the Enforcement Directorate (ED), staying the FIR and all further investigation initiated by the police against ED officials following a raid on the ED's Ranchi office. Expressing concern over the police action, the Court ordered the Union Home Secretary to deploy a paramilitary force (CISF/BSF or another) for the security of the ED office and mandated the preservation of all CCTV footage from the premises.
1 Km Built In 25 Years: High Court Asks Karnataka To Scrap Bengaluru-Mysuru Infrastructure Corridor Project
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Development: The Karnataka High Court has ordered the State Government to scrap the Bengaluru–Mysuru Infrastructure Corridor (BMIC) project. The decision was based on the project's stagnation: since its inception in 1995, only 1 km of the proposed 111-km expressway has been built, and none of the five planned townships have been developed. The court concluded that the Project Technical Report and Framework Agreement (1997) are now outdated and require a complete review.
Beant Singh Murder: Supreme Court Defers Hearing On Hawara's Plea For Transfer To Punjab Jail
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Development: The Supreme Court postponed the hearing on Jagtar Singh Hawara's plea for two weeks. Hawara, convicted in the 1995 assassination of former Punjab Chief Minister Beant Singh, is seeking a transfer from Tihar Jail, Delhi, to a prison in Punjab. The matter was adjourned because the Solicitor General was unavailable, although notices had already been issued to the Centre and the relevant State Governments.
MLA Uma Thomas Stadium Fall: Kerala High Court Stays 'Attempt To Culpable Homicide' Case Against Third Accused
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Development: The Kerala High Court has temporarily halted further legal action for one month against the third accused in the case involving the attempted culpable homicide of Thrikkakara MLA Uma Thomas. Ms. Thomas was seriously injured after falling from a temporary stage at an event at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. The Court admitted the plea and issued notice to the relevant parties. This stay was granted after noting that the chargesheet, following investigation, now includes Section 110 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, alongside other previously added offences.
Maharashtra Govt Agrees To Grant 2-Day Emergency Parole To Abu Salem, Says Escort Mandatory As He Is ‘International Criminal’
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Development: The Bombay High Court, hearing a plea from Abu Salem, a convicted gangster in the 1993 Mumbai Blasts case, seeking 14-day emergency parole following his brother’s death, was informed by the Maharashtra Government that it had approved 2 days of emergency parole. However, the State stressed that Salem, designated an ‘international criminal’, cannot be released without a police escort, and he must pay the associated escort charges. The bench of Justices Ajay Gadkari and Shyam Chandak adjourned the matter to receive the State’s reply regarding the concerns about the escort.
Meta Moves Supreme Court Against NCLAT Verdict Upholding CCI’s ₹ 213 Crore Penalty Over Whatsapp Privacy Policy
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Development: Meta Platforms Inc. and WhatsApp have appealed the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) verdict to the Supreme Court, escalating their dispute with the Competition Commission of India (CCI). The NCLAT had upheld the ₹213.14 crore penalty against WhatsApp related to its 2021 privacy policy. Although the NCLAT set aside the finding of abuse of dominance, it maintained the monetary penalty and restored user-choice safeguards. The Supreme Court will now review the dispute and the application of competition law to data-sharing practices.
PM Cares Fund Is Juristic Personality But Has Right To Privacy Under RTI Act: Delhi High Court Remarks
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Development: The Delhi High Court, through a Division Bench of Chief Justice D.K. Upadhyaya and Justice Tejas Karia, orally observed that the PM CARES Fund retains its right to privacy under the RTI Act, even if considered a juristic person or a public authority. This observation occurred during the hearing of an appeal against a CIC direction that required the Income Tax Department to disclose details of tax exemptions granted to the Fund under the RTI Act. The next hearing is scheduled for February 10.
Session Court Flags Misuse of Online Ratings And Reviews
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Development: The PRL City Civil and Sessions Judge in Karnataka court a sweeping interim ex parte injunction banning the circulation of "defamatory, malicious, or coordinated content" against the film MSG. The order specifically prohibits reviews, reaction videos, polls, boycott campaigns, and ratings manipulation across all platforms, including social media (X, YouTube, Instagram), ticketing sites (BookMyShow), and IMDb. Platforms are directed to de-index existing content and proactively block similar future material. This move, which names reviewer Blue Sattai Maran, comes amid allegations of organized online sabotage against recent film releases and is part of a growing trend where filmmakers seek civil court injunctions against digital campaigns.
'Anyone Flying Kites With Nylon Manjha Will Pay ₹ 25k Fine; Parents Must Ensure Children Act Responsibly': Bombay High Court
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Development: The Bombay High Court has directed that any individual flying kites using nylon manjha will be fined ₹25,000, while vendors selling it will face a ₹2.5 lakh penalty. In cases involving minors, the fine will be recovered from parents, whom the Court held responsible for ensuring responsible behaviour. The Bench noted continued deaths and injuries despite repeated warnings, prompting deterrent fines. It also ordered the creation of a Public Welfare Fund to collect fines for treating victims of nylon manjha injuries.
Supreme Court Asks NIA To Show 'Hard Evidence' To Justify Detention Of Kashmiri Separatist Shabir Shah In Terror Funding Case
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Development: The Supreme Court, through Justices Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta, questioned the National Investigation Agency's (NIA) justification for the over six-year-long detention of Kashmiri separatist Shabir Ahmed Shah in a terror-funding case. The Court expressed concern over the NIA relying on the statement of a co-accused who was later acquitted on the same allegations. While stating it has "no sympathy for terror-related activities," the bench demanded the NIA present "hard evidence" to support the continued detention. The decision on Shah's bail has been reserved until February 10, 2026.
Prima Facie No Allegations Against Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: Karnataka High Court Stays Probe In Land Encroachment Case
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Development: The Karnataka High Court has temporarily halted the investigation into Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, the head of the Art of Living Foundation, regarding a land encroachment case filed by the Bangalore Metropolitan Task Force (BMTF). Justice M. Nagaprasanna noted that a review of the complaint reveals prima facie no allegations or material to implicate the petitioner. The court observed that a person cannot be subjected to a criminal investigation without any specific allegations. The stay on the investigation qua the petitioner is effective until the next hearing on January 21st.
PIL In Kerala High Court Challenges State's 'Nava Kerala Citizens Response Programme' Alleging Misuse Of Public Funds
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Development: A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) has been filed in the Kerala High Court challenging the State's 'Nava Kerala Citizens Response Programme.' The petition argues that the planned door-to-door survey of 80 lakh households is politically motivated to benefit the ruling LDF in the upcoming elections, constituting a misuse of public funds, especially since socio-economic data already exists. Further controversy stems from a CPI(M) letter instructing district units to induct LDF loyalists as volunteers through the official portal. A Division Bench, comprising Chief Justice Soumen Sen and Justice Syam Kumar V.M., has requested instructions from the State Government and adjourned the hearing to January 21, 2026.
Delhi High Court Flags Link Between Parliament Security Breach and December 13, 2001 Attack
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Development: The Delhi High Court, while hearing bail applications in the UAPA case related to the 2023 Parliament security breach, commented that the choice of 13 December for the incident was likely not a coincidence, as this date aligns with the 2001 Parliament terror attack. The court noted that on 13 December 2023, the accused, including Manoranjan D and Sagar Sharma, entered the Lok Sabha chamber and deployed smoke canisters. The bench of Justices Prathiba M. Singh and Madhu Jain directed both parties to consider the Supreme Court’s Gulfisha Fatima judgment and scheduled the matter for a further hearing on 2 February.
NGT Issues Notice to Uttar Pradesh After Reports of Water Contamination in Noida Region
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Development: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has initiated suo motu action based on media reports of drinking water contaminated with sewage in parts of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh, which caused health issues like vomiting and diarrhoea, particularly in Greater Noida. Citing violations of environmental and water pollution acts, the NGT has converted the matter into an original application and issued notices to the Uttar Pradesh Government, the State Pollution Control Board, the MoEFCC regional office, and the Central Pollution Control Board, demanding explanations and details of remedial measures taken.
Digital Arrests: Banks, Telecom COS Be Held Liable If Victim's Loss Attributable To Their Negligence : MHA Committee
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Development: A high-level inter-departmental committee was constituted by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) on 15th January 2026 to investigate "digital arrest" scams, following Supreme Court directions. The committee includes senior officials from the RBI, MeitY, DoT, CBI, and I4C. Its first meeting was on 29th December 2025, where they discussed enforcement gaps, SOPs for freezing accounts, the use of AI tools, and regulatory reforms. A key agreement was that banks and telecom providers may be held liable for victim losses due to negligence. The matter was scheduled for the next Supreme Court hearing on 20th January 2026.
'They Give Education' : Supreme Court Stays SASTRA University's Eviction From Thanjavur Public Land
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Development: The Supreme Court, on 15 January 2026, granted a stay on the Madras High Court's eviction order against SASTRA University. This order concerned the university's occupation of 31.37 acres of public land in Thanjavur, originally designated for an open-air prison. The bench, led by CJI Surya Kant, justified the stay by noting that the land's current use for educational purposes merited special consideration. The Court instructed the university to submit fresh proposals offering alternate land, and directed the State of Tamil Nadu to review these submissions sympathetically. Furthermore, the Court ordered that status quo be maintained, allowing SASTRA University to continue its operations.
Tax Treaties Should Not Become Instruments To Erode India’s Tax Sovereignty, National Security: Supreme Court
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Development: The Supreme Court’s ruling in the Tiger Global International III Holdings case (stemming from the Flipkart-Walmart transaction) made significant pronouncements on tax sovereignty and treaty abuse, specifically addressing the GAAR, the value of TRCs, and the application of the India-Mauritius DTAA to indirect transfers. The Court asserted that tax sovereignty is critical to national sovereignty and must not be compromised by international agreements or external economic pressure. It warned against the exploitation of tax treaties for abuse, base erosion, or activities detrimental to national security. The judgment emphasised that tax treaties must conform to the Constitution and domestic tax laws and should contain mechanisms for periodic review, renegotiation, or exit in case of misuse.
Supreme Court Stays Calcutta HC Judgment Disqualifying Mukul Roy As Member Of West Bengal Legislative Assembly
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Development: The Supreme Court has temporarily halted the Calcutta High Court's ruling, which had led to the disqualification of Mukul Roy from the West Bengal Legislative Assembly under the anti-defection law. A Bench comprising CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi issued a notice in response to a petition filed by Roy's son, Subhranshu Roy. In keeping the High Court's order in abeyance, the Supreme Court expressed reservations regarding the relaxation of Section 65B of the Evidence Act when admitting electronic evidence in cases concerning defection.
Supreme Court Signals Intention To Monitor Protection Of Neglected Heritage Sites In Delhi
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Development: The Supreme Court has indicated a strong commitment to overseeing the preservation and maintenance of neglected heritage sites across Delhi. This commitment was highlighted as the Court approved the final restoration plan for the 500-year-old Lodhi-era Shaikh Ali ‘Gumti’. A Bench comprising Justice Ahsanuddin Amanullah and Justice N.K. Singh observed that restoration work was now proceeding with the appropriate dedication. To broaden this effort, the Court has issued notices to various civic and statutory bodies to evaluate the condition of other overlooked monuments.
'Heart Is Bleeding': MP High Court Slams Ineffective Enforcement Of Chinese Manjha Ban, Notes Court Staff Also Injured
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Development: The Madhya Pradesh High Court, hearing a suo motu PIL, sharply criticized the State government for the insufficient enforcement of the ban on Chinese nylon manjha (kite thread), particularly in Indore. The bench expressed deep distress over persistent injuries, even to court staff, caused by the thread. The Court noted that the sale or use of the nylon thread is a prosecutable offense under Section 106(1) BNS, 2023, with guardians also being liable for offenses involving minors.
Ensure Formation, Functioning Of Parent Teacher Associations In Private Schools: High Court To Delhi Govt
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Development: The Delhi High Court has mandated the immediate establishment and active operation of Parent-Teacher Associations (PTAs) in all unaided private schools. This directive was issued to the Delhi Government and the Directorate of Education in response to a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) alleging widespread non-adherence to the Delhi School Education Act, 1973. The Court instructed the authorities to promptly record the compliance measures taken and activate the PTAs without delay, underscoring their statutory importance, particularly in light of the Delhi School Education (Transparency in Fixation and Regulation of Fees) Act, 2025.
“Custodial Interrogation Granted, Nothing More Left”, SC Extends Interim Protection Of Telangana SIB Chief In Phone Tapping Case
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Development: The Supreme Court has maintained the interim protection for former Telangana Special Intelligence Bureau (SIB) chief T. Prabhakar Rao in the alleged phone-tapping case, extending it until March 10. A Bench of Justices B.V. Nagarathna and Ujjal Bhuyan questioned the need for further incarceration, noting that Rao had already undergone and completed custodial interrogation. The Court recalled that Rao had surrendered as directed, been subjected to custodial interrogation, and subsequently released. As such, the Court declined to re-hear the matter until March, reaffirming the protection against coercive action.
Case Against RSP Leader Shibu Baby John And Family Is Political Vendetta, Says UDF Convenor Adoor Prakash
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Development: UDF convenor Adoor Prakash condemned the criminal case against RSP leader Shibu Baby John and his family, including his 94-year-old mother, as a politically motivated act by Kerala's ruling Left Government. Prakash alleged that the CPI(M)-led Government is weaponizing legal proceedings to divert attention from its own failures like corruption and poor governance. He affirmed the UDF's solidarity against this action.
III. Details of Important Cases
A. Supreme Court
Supreme Court Delivers Split Verdict On Validity Of S. 17A Prevention Of Corruption Act Mandating Prior Sanction For Investigation
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Verdict: The Supreme Court delivered a split verdict on the constitutionality of Section 17A of the Prevention of Corruption Act, which requires prior sanction to investigate public servants. Justice BV Nagarathna declared Section 17A unconstitutional, arguing it protects the corrupt, while Justice K.V. Viswanathan upheld the provision but suggested modifying it to vest sanction authority in an independent body like the Lokpal or Lokayukta instead of the executive. Due to this divergence, the matter has been referred to the Chief Justice of India to constitute a larger Bench. The challenge to Section 17A, an addition by the 2018 BJP-led Government amendment, carries significant political weight.
Supreme Court Refuses To Entertain Waqf Muttawalli's Plea Against Umeed Portal; Allows To Raise Grievances Before Authority
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Verdict: The Supreme Court declined to intervene directly in a writ petition filed by a Waqf Muttawalli concerning alleged technical glitches in the UMEED Portal, the system used for uploading Waqf property details. A Bench comprising CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi ruled that the petition involved administrative and technical concerns, which did not justify the Court's direct intervention under Article 32. The Court, however, permitted the petitioner to seek resolution by approaching either the relevant authorities or the High Court.
'Article 32 Is For Citizens, Those Around Delhi Misusing Article 32 Petitions' : Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court, through a Bench of Justice BV Nagarathna and Justice Ujjal Bhuyan, dismissed an Article 32 petition, criticizing the trend of directly approaching the apex court for routine matters. The Court ruled that the petitioner had improperly invoked its jurisdiction since an identical issue was already pending before the Bombay High Court. The Bench called the petition a "gross misuse of the process of law," reaffirming that Article 32 is exclusively for the enforcement of fundamental rights and not a substitute for remedies available in the High Courts.
Supreme Court Rejects Justice Yashwant Varma’s Challenge To Lok Sabha Speaker’s Formation Of Inquiry Committee In Impeachment Motion
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Verdict: The Supreme Court dismissed a writ petition filed by Justice Yashwant Varma of the Allahabad High Court, which challenged the Lok Sabha Speaker’s decision to form an inquiry committee following an impeachment motion. The impeachment motion stemmed from the alleged discovery of unaccounted cash at the judge’s residence. The Court, ruling that the corresponding motion in the Rajya Sabha was rejected, held that the requirement for a jointly constituted committee under the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968, only applies when impeachment motions are admitted in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha on the same day. Therefore, the Court concluded that the Lok Sabha Speaker was legally competent to form the committee independently and found no procedural illegality.Supreme Court Issues Directives To Curb Student Suicides
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Development: In response to a 2025 National Task Force (NTF) report, which identified significant deficiencies in mental health support, institutional accountability, and regulatory compliance within higher education institutions (HEIs), the Supreme Court has issued nationwide directives to combat student suicides. These mandates include the immediate mandatory reporting to the police of any student suicide or unnatural death, irrespective of location, and the requirement for annual disclosure of such incidents to regulatory bodies.
Supreme Court Refuses To Entertain ‘Jana Nayagan’ Film Producer’s Plea For CBFC Clearance, Asks Madras HC To Decide On Jan 20
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Verdict: The Supreme Court declined to intervene in the matter concerning the CBFC certification for the Tamil film Jana Nayagan. The Court refused the producer's request for immediate certification, noting that the Madras High Court Division Bench is already handling the case and has scheduled it for January 20. Consequently, the Supreme Court dismissed the Special Leave Petition (SLP), asserting that the High Court is the appropriate forum to decide the issue and requested that the High Court endeavour to hear the case on the scheduled date.
Supreme Court Directs Completion Of Bengaluru Municipal Corporation Elections By 30th June
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Verdict: The Supreme Court has set a firm deadline of June 30, 2026, for the completion of the long-delayed Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) elections. Issuing a strict timeline, the Court mandated the State of Karnataka to publish the final ward-wise reservation by February 20, 2026, and the final voters' list by March 16, 2026. The Court explicitly stated that no further extensions will be granted, and directed that polling must take place immediately after the completion of board examinations.
Mumbai Coastal Road Land Given To Reliance For Development Should Ordinarily Remain Open To Public: Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court has addressed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) challenging the BMC's Expression of Interest (EoI) for landscaping on the reclaimed land of the Mumbai Coastal Road (South). The Court's order upheld the principle that this land, despite being provided to Reliance for development, must generally remain accessible to the public. Reaffirming its 2022 ruling, the Court stressed that the reclaimed area is prohibited from being used for residential or commercial development. It was clarified that public access can only be restricted to the degree required for development or maintenance activities, which must be supervised by the BMC.
While Bail Is Not To Be Refused Mechanically, It Must Not Be Granted On Irrelevant Considerations: Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court revoked the bail previously granted by the Allahabad High Court in a POCSO case. The apex court determined that the High Court had failed to adequately consider the severe nature of the offence, the mandatory requirements of the POCSO Act, and the existing evidence. The Court highlighted that the accused was implicated in multiple instances of sexual assault against a minor, coupled with threats, intimidation, and the recording of the assaults for purposes of blackmail. Furthermore, the Supreme Court noted the High Court's oversight regarding the immediate and credible threat posed to the victim, who lives in the same area as the accused.
'Frivolous Petition' : Supreme Court Rejects Plea To Remove Savarkar's Portrait From Parliament
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Verdict: The Supreme Court dismissed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) that sought the removal of V.D. Savarkar’s portraits from Parliament and other public institutions, labeling the petition as “frivolous.” A Bench headed by Chief Justice of India (CJI) Surya Kant cautioned the petitioner, a retired IRS officer, with a potential fine of ₹1 lakh for wasting the judiciary’s time. Consequently, the petitioner withdrew the plea, leading to its disposal by the Court.
Supreme Court Cites Manusmriti, Offers Widowed Daughter-in-Law Relief
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Verdict: The Supreme Court of India held that a daughter-in-law who becomes a widow after the death of her father-in-law is entitled to claim maintenance from his estate under the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956, rejecting the argument that entitlement depends on the timing of widowhood. The Court observed that treating widows differently based on when they became widowed was unreasonable and arbitrary, invoking Manusmriti’s principle that no family member should be forsaken to reinforce the broader humanitarian basis of maintenance obligations.
NCDRC Decree Against Builder Company Can't Be Executed Against Directors/Promoters Without Personal Liability Fixed: Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court has ruled that a decree issued by the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) against a builder company cannot be executed against its directors or promoters in their personal capacity unless their personal liability was specifically established during the original proceedings. The Court, in dismissing an appeal by a flat buyers association, affirmed that execution proceedings cannot be used to expand or shift liability to individuals (like directors) who were not originally named as judgment-debtors or guarantors, especially where there was no evidence or finding of their individual culpability.
Supreme Court Reserves Order on Passive Euthanasia Plea for Man in Permanent Vegetative State
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Verdict: The Supreme Court of India has reserved its final order on a plea concerning the passive euthanasia of 32-year-old Harish Rana, who has been in a permanent vegetative state for 13 years following a severe accident. Justices J.B. Pardiwala and K.V. Viswanathan, comprising the bench, personally met with Mr. Rana’s parents and reviewed medical board reports which concluded his chances of recovery were negligible. Acknowledging the profoundly sensitive nature of the case, the court stated its consideration would focus on withdrawing life-sustaining treatment, rather than actively causing death, before reserving judgment.
Mahant Narendra Giri Death Case: Supreme Court Grants Bail To Accused
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Verdict: The Supreme Court granted bail to Aadya Prasad Tiwari, an accused in the 2021 death of Mahant Narendra Giri. The Court based its decision on the observation that the trial is unlikely to be concluded soon, noting that out of an estimated 150 prosecution witnesses, only three have been examined to date. Furthermore, the Court pointed out that Tiwari does not appear to be the principal accused. This ruling overturns the earlier decision of the Allahabad High Court refusing bail. The bail is subject to strict conditions, including regular trial participation and non-interference with witnesses.
‘Transaction Designed For Tax Avoidance’ : Supreme Court Denies Income Tax Relief To Tiger Global In Flipkart-Walmart Deal
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Verdict: The Supreme Court rejected the income tax relief sought by Mauritius-based Tiger Global entities regarding capital gains from the Flipkart–Walmart transaction, upholding the Authority for Advance Rulings' (AAR) decision. The Court found the arrangement was prima facie designed for tax avoidance and set aside the Delhi High Court's ruling. The judgment clarifies that treaty benefits under the India–Mauritius DTAA are unavailable for impermissible avoidance arrangements and established that the AAR only requires prima facie satisfaction to reject such applications.
Govt Can Exclude Candidates With Higher Qualification From Post Requiring Lower Qualification: Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court upheld Rule 6(1) of the Bihar Pharmacists Cadre Rules, 2014, dismissing a challenge from B.Pharm and M.Pharm degree holders. This rule mandates a Diploma in Pharmacy as the minimum qualification for the Pharmacist post. The Court accepted the State's rationale that diploma holders are better suited for public health roles due to their mandatory, intensive hospital-based practical training. Consequently, the Court affirmed that setting eligibility criteria falls within the exclusive policy domain of the State.
Residents Welfare Association Or Homebuyers' Society Can't Intervene In Insolvency Petition Against Builder : Supreme Court
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Verdict: The Supreme Court has ruled that a Residents Welfare Association (RWA) or a homebuyers' society generally lacks the locus standi (legal standing) to intervene in insolvency proceedings under Section 7 of the IBC. Intervention is permitted only if the RWA or society qualifies as a creditor or was a direct party to the financial transaction. The Court emphasized that Section 7 proceedings are strictly bipartite at the admission stage, involving only the financial creditor and the corporate debtor. An RWA cannot claim the status of a financial creditor merely by representing homebuyers, especially when it has not disbursed funds or been a party to the underlying financial transaction.
B. Delhi High Court
Delhi HC Quashes I-T Order To EY On Withholding Tax
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Development: The Delhi High Court delivered a significant ruling by setting aside an Income Tax Department order that mandated Ernst & Young (EY) to withhold tax on a ₹1,750 crore payment made to its UK entity. The Court rejected the department's argument that a virtual service permanent establishment existed in India, clarifying that tax liability under the relevant treaty provisions necessitates the physical presence of employees in India. Consequently, the High Court directed the Income Tax Department to issue a fresh decision regarding EY's application for a nil withholding certificate.
C. Calcutta High Court
ED v. Mamata Banerjee: Calcutta High Court Closes TMC’s Plea After ED Says It Seized Nothing During I-PAC Raids
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Development: The Calcutta High Court dismissed a petition by the Trinamool Congress (TMC) seeking protection for alleged confidential political data. This decision followed a statement by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) confirming that "no documents or electronic data" were seized during raids on the political consultancy firm I-PAC and its co-founder. Justice Suvra Ghosh noted that the panchnamas (seizure lists) supported the ED's statement, concluding that the TMC's request for relief was moot. Separately, the High Court adjourned the ED's plea for a CBI probe against Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee, as a similar matter is pending before the Supreme Court.
D. Kerala High Court
Bharat Mata Portrait Row: Kerala High Court Stays Memo Of Charges Issued By Kerala University VC Against Former Registrar
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Verdict: The Kerala High Court has temporarily stayed the disciplinary action, including a memo of charges, initiated by the Kerala University Vice Chancellor (in-charge) against former Registrar K. S. Anilkumar. The Court questioned the VC's authority to use Section 10(13) of the Kerala University Act, 1974, noting that although the VC claimed an "emergency," the mandatory requirement to present the action to the University Syndicate at its subsequent meeting was not fulfilled, making the action legally suspect. The overall conflict is rooted in the ‘Bharat Mata’ portrait row on campus, which involved clashes, the cancellation of a Governor-attended seminar, the Registrar's suspension, his reinstatement by the Syndicate, and the final disciplinary move by the VC.
Vigilance Court Can't Order Probe Into Private Complaint Against Public Servant Without Sanction Under PC Act: Kerala High Court
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Verdict: The Kerala High Court, through Justice A. Badharudeen, has ruled that prior sanction under Section 19 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, is mandatory before an investigation can be ordered against a public servant. Consequently, the High Court set aside a Special Judge (Vigilance)'s order and the corresponding FIR. Justice Badharudeen held that without this requisite sanction, the Special Judge could not have used their power under Section 156(3) of the CrPC, 1973 (power of Magistrate to order investigation) to forward the complaint for investigation. The matter has been reverted to the pre-cognisance stage, allowing the complainant the opportunity to obtain the necessary sanction before proceeding further.
E. Allahabad High Court
Rohingya Funding Syndicate: Allahabad High Court Denies Anticipatory Bail To Alleged Kingpin, Slams IO For ‘Callous’ Approach
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Verdict: The Allahabad High Court (Lucknow Bench) denied anticipatory bail to Dr. Abdul Ghaffar, the alleged mastermind of a Rohingya funding network accused of facilitating illegal settlement and anti-national activities via hawala and fund misuse. The Court cited the serious nature of the allegations and the need for custodial interrogation as reasons for the denial. However, the Court also criticized the Investigating Officer's "callous and careless approach" for failing to seek search warrants and directed that its order be sent to senior state authorities.
Allahabad High Court Quashes Defamation Case Against Jaipur Dialogues, Sanjay Dixit
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Verdict: The Allahabad High Court dismissed defamation charges against the Jaipur Dialogues Forum and its founder, Sanjay Dixit. The Court cited two main reasons: the complainant's failure to provide evidence or witnesses to substantiate any actual damage to reputation, and procedural errors by the magistrate. Specifically, the Court noted the magistrate issued summons without conducting the mandatory inquiry under Section 202 CrPC, a critical step when the accused resides outside the court's jurisdiction.
HC Dismisses Marion Biotech Officials' Pleas Challenging Summons In Cough Syrup Case
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Verdict: The Allahabad High Court upheld an order by the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Gautam Budh Nagar, dismissing challenges filed by directors and officials of Marion Biotech Pvt. Ltd. in a cough syrup adulteration case. Justice Harvir Singh ruled the magistrate's order, which summoned the directors, was legal. The court noted that under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, directors and senior functionaries are responsible for the company's business conduct. The case stems from drug test reports that found the cough syrup "not of standard quality," specifically citing the prohibited use of ethylene glycol, an ingredient previously linked to child deaths overseas.
F. Madhya Pradesh High Court
Aadhaar, Voter ID Not Conclusive Proof Of Date Of Birth: Madhya Pradesh High Court
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Verdict: The Madhya Pradesh High Court recently ruled that Aadhaar and voter identity cards are not conclusive proof of date of birth in service matters. The Court emphasized that official service records created at the time of appointment take precedence because Aadhaar and voter IDs are based on self-declaration and are solely for identification. In a related case, the Court set aside an order that had reinstated a retired Anganwadi Sahayika based on her ID documents, and instead ordered the reinstatement of her successor with full benefits, citing violations of natural justice.
G. Gujarat High Court
PM Modi Degree Defamation Case: Gujarat High Court Rejects Arvind Kejriwal’s Plea for Separate Trial From Sanjay Singh, Holds Press Conferences Were Part of ‘Political Strategy’
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Verdict: The Gujarat High Court dismissed Arvind Kejriwal's request for a separate trial from AAP leader Sanjay Singh in the criminal defamation case filed by Gujarat University over alleged remarks concerning Prime Minister Narendra Modi's educational degree. The court ruled that the allegations were part of the "same transaction" under Section 223 of the CrPC, citing that the statements were made in close temporal proximity by leaders of the same party, followed the same judicial development, were uploaded on social media, were part of a coordinated "political strategy," and the evidence against both would be the same. Kejriwal's claim of prejudice was rejected as a "bare apprehension," upholding the orders of the lower courts.
H. Andhra Pradesh High Court
Andhra Pradesh High Court Backs NGT, Stresses Duty To Protect Environment For Future Generations
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Development: The Andhra Pradesh High Court dismissed a petition by a silica sand mining company, upholding an NGT order that kept its environmental clearance in abeyance. The Court reaffirmed that environmental governance is mandatory and agreed with the NGT's finding of serious environmental deficiencies in the project, including inadequate ecological studies. The High Court also clarified that the Sustainable Sand Mining Management Guidelines, 2016 apply to all forms of sand extraction, not just river sand mining.
I. Tripura High Court
'Exploitative': Tripura High Court Holds State's Fixed-Pay Policy For Teachers Appointed To Regular Post As Unconstitutional
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Verdict: The Tripura High Court invalidated the State's policy of fixed-pay for teachers who were appointed to regular, sanctioned posts. The Court found this policy to be unconstitutional and exploitative as it violated Articles 14 and 16. Consequently, the Court held that teachers selected through a regular recruitment process are entitled to regular pay. The 2001 and 2007 memorandums establishing the policy were quashed, with a directive to implement regular pay scales for the affected teachers.
J. Madras High Court
Jallikattu A State Event; Private Individuals Cannot Organise It: Madras High Court
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Verdict: The Madras High Court ruled that Jallikattu is an event organized solely by the State, and therefore, private individuals or self-appointed village committees lack the independent authority to conduct it in Avaniyapuram. The Division Bench highlighted that under the Tamil Nadu Regulation of Jallikattu Act, 2009 and the Standard Operating Procedure from the Animal Welfare Department, State revenue officials are responsible for organizing the event, with villagers' involvement limited to an advisory committee. Given the international significance of Jallikattu in Avaniyapuram, Alanganallur, and Palamedu, the Court denied the petitioner's request for permission or police protection.
K. Other Tribunal & District Court Orders
Delhi Court Convicts Asiya Andrabi, Others In UAPA Case; Cites Open Advocacy Of Kashmir’s Secession From India
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Verdict: A Delhi court has convicted Dukhtaran-e-Millat chief Asiya Andrabi, along with Sofi Fehmeeda and Nahida Nasreen, under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) for terror conspiracy, waging war against India, and promoting the secession of Jammu & Kashmir. The conviction, based on NIA evidence, found that the three actively spread secessionist and anti-India propaganda through public platforms and social media, advocating for Kashmir's merger with Pakistan and endorsing armed struggle.
Taken together, this week’s developments show the higher judiciary simultaneously tightening scrutiny over electoral rolls, corruption safeguards, and student safety, while also testing the limits of executive power in areas like lifetime immunity for election commissioners and expanded reservations. The split verdict on Section 17A, the broad‑based directions on preventing student suicides, and continuing oversight of ED, NIA, and state police conduct indicate that some of the most consequential questions on accountability and institutional design will now be resolved by larger benches and long‑running constitutional litigation rather than one‑off orders.